Category: Current Issue

Biguanide and its derivatives have long been utilized as drugs in medical science. Metformin is commonly prescribed as an oral hypoglycemic agent for patients with type 2 diabetes. Similarly, proguanil is used as an antimalarial drug; phenyl biguanide acts as a 5-HT3 receptor agonist; and phenylaminopropyl biguanide serves as a …

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging, characterized by progressive cognitive decline, cholinergic dysfunction, and memory impairment. Current statistics indicate that nearly 50 million people worldwide live with dementia, with this number expected to reach 152 million by 2050. Existing treatments primarily rely on acetylcholinesterase …

Introduction Water scarcity and pollution threaten the health of billions globally. Reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that over 2 billion people consume water contaminated with pathogens or hazardous chemicals, resulting in more than 485,000 diarrheal deaths annually. Traditional water treatment methods—filtration, coagulation, flocculation, and disinfection—face limitations in …